Instrumentation II: Basic Leveling [0:34]

Vertical distances are measured using automatic level and level rods, the so-called spirit leveling method, or differential leveling. The vertical (direction), level line or surface, horizontal plane, vertical plane, elevation, geoid, mean sea level, and orthometric height are among the terms introduced. Concepts of the impact of curvature of the Earth’s surface and refraction by the atmosphere are introduced. Several methods for vertical distance measurement are introduced but not expanded on in this course. Running time 32 minutes.

You will learn…

• The primary method used by surveyors for vertical distance measurement
• Many terms pertinent to leveling and vertical distance measurement (introduction and discussion)
• What curvature and refraction and how to calculate their impacts
• A list of methods for vertical distance measurement, but the discussion is left for the next courses